give

give¹ W1S1 [gıv] v past tense gave [geıv] past participle given [ˈgıvən]

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1¦(present or money)¦

2¦(put something in somebody's hand)¦

3¦(let somebody do something)¦

4¦(tell somebody something)¦

5¦(make a movement/do an action)¦

6¦(speech/talk/performance)¦

7¦(make somebody have a feeling)¦

8¦(make somebody have problems)¦

9¦(make somebody ill)¦

10¦(organize a social event)¦

11¦(make somebody do something)¦

12¦(make somebody/something have a quality)¦

13¦(pay for)¦

14¦(behave towards)¦

15¦(punishment)¦

16 give (somebody) an impression/a sense/an idea

17 give something thought/attention/consideration etc

18 give (somebody) a hand

19 give somebody a call/buzz

20 give something a try/shot/whirl

21 give somebody time/a few weeks/all day etc

22 I give it six weeks/a month etc

23 not give something a second thought/another thought

24¦(be less strict)¦

25¦(state a decision)¦

26¦(give a mark/score)¦

27¦(bend/stretch)¦

28¦(break/move)¦

29 give me something (any day/time)

30 would give anything/a lot/your right arm etc for something

31 not give a damn/shit etc

32 don't give me that

33 give somebody what for

34 give as good as you get

35 give and take

36 give or take a few minutes/a penny/a mile etc

37 I'll give you that

38 give somebody to understand/think/believe something

39 give it to somebody straight

40 I give you the chairman/prime minister/groom etc

41¦(sex)¦

Phrasal verbs

　give somebody/something away

　give something<=>back

　give in

　give in to something

　give of something

　give off something

　give onto something

　give out

　give over

　give something over to somebody/something

　give up

　give up on somebody/something

　give yourself up to something

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[: Old English; Origin: giefan]

1.) ¦(PRESENT OR MONEY)¦ [I and T]

to let someone have something as a present, or to provide something for someone

give sb sth

▪ What did Bob give you for your birthday?

▪ Researchers were given a £10,000 grant to continue their work.

▪ I've got some old diaries that my grandmother gave me years ago.

give sth to sb

▪ a ring which was given to him by his mother

▪ I didn't steal it! Maria gave it to me!

▪ Most people are willing to give to charity .

▪ The situation is now desperate, so please give generously .

2.) ¦(PUT SOMETHING IN SOMEBODY'S HAND)¦ [T]

to put something in someone's hand

give sb sth

▪ Give me the letter, please.

give sth to sb

▪ He poured some wine into a glass and gave it to her.

3.) ¦(LET SOMEBODY DO SOMETHING)¦ [T]

to allow or make it possible for someone to do something

give sb sth

▪ He finally gave us permission to leave.

▪ These meetings give everyone a chance to express their opinions.

▪ Students are given the freedom to choose their own topics.

▪ Language gives us the ability to communicate at a much higher level than any other animal.

▪ Women were given the vote in the early 1900's.

give sb control/authority/responsibility etc

▪ She was given absolute control over all recruitment decisions.

give sth to sb

▪ This bill will give more power to local authorities.

4.) ¦(TELL SOMEBODY SOMETHING)¦ [T]

to tell someone information or details about something, or to tell someone what they should do

▪ She gave me some information on university courses.

▪ My secretary will be able to give you more details.

▪ Let me give you some advice .

give orders/instructions

▪ She certainly likes giving orders.

▪ They were given strict instructions not to tell anyone.

▪ Can you give me directions to the station? (=tell me how to go there)

▪ He gave the following example .

▪ You may have to give evidence in court (=tell a court about what you have seen or know to be true) .

give an account/description

▪ He gave a disturbing account of the murder.

5.) ¦(MAKE A MOVEMENT/DO AN ACTION)¦ [T]

to do something by making a movement with your hand, face, body etc

give a smile/laugh/grin/frown/yawn etc

▪ She gave a little frown.

▪ Joel gave me a smile as I walked in.

▪ He gave her a big hug.

give a wave/movement/signal

▪ He gave a wave of his hand.

▪ Don't move until I give the signal.

give sth a shake/rattle/tug etc

▪ She picked up the envelope and gave it a shake.

6.) ¦(SPEECH/TALK/PERFORMANCE)¦ [T]

to make a speech, perform a piece of music etc for a group of people

give a talk/speech/lecture

▪ He's giving a talk on early Roman pottery.

give a performance/display

▪ They gave one of their best performances to date.

7.) ¦(MAKE SOMEBODY HAVE A FEELING)¦ [T]

to make someone have a feeling

give sb sth

▪ He gave us quite a shock .

▪ The course has given me a lot more confidence .

▪ His job did not give him much sense of fulfilment.

give sth to sb

▪ Their music has given pleasure to a lot of people over the years.

give sb a headache/hangover

▪ Keep the noise down - you're giving me a headache!

▪ Whiskey always gives me a terrible hangover.

8.) ¦(MAKE SOMEBODY HAVE PROBLEMS)¦ [T]

to make someone have problems

give sb problems/trouble/difficulties

▪ The new software has given us quite a few problems.

9.) ¦(MAKE SOMEBODY ILL)¦ [T]

to infect someone with the same illness that you have

give sb sth

▪ Don't come too close - I don't want you to give me your cold!

give sth to sb

▪ It's very unlikely a doctor could give HIV to a patient.

10.)¦(ORGANIZE A SOCIAL EVENT)¦ [T]

to organize a social event such as a party

= ↑hold, put on ↑put on

▪ We're giving a small party for dad's birthday next week.

11.) ¦(MAKE SOMEBODY DO SOMETHING)¦ [T]

to tell someone to do a job or piece of work

give sb work/homework etc

▪ How much homework are you given in a week?

▪ He's always giving us chores to do around the house.

12.) ¦(MAKE SOMEBODY/SOMETHING HAVE A QUALITY)¦ [T]

to make someone or something have a particular quality

= ↑lend give sb/sth sth

▪ The ginger gives the dish a wonderful spicy flavour.

▪ His grey hair gave him an air of distinction.

▪ Its association with the movie industry has given the place a certain glamor.

13.) ¦(PAY FOR)¦ [T]

to pay a particular amount of money for something

▪ They say they're not willing to give any more than they've already offered.

give sb sth for sth

▪ They gave us £700 for our old car.

▪ How much will you give me for these two games?

14.) ¦(BEHAVE TOWARDS)¦ [T]

to behave towards someone in a way that shows you have a particular attitude or feeling towards them

give sb loyalty/obedience/respect

▪ The people were expected to give their leader absolute obedience and loyalty.

15.) ¦(PUNISHMENT)¦ [T]

to officially say that someone must have a particular punishment

give sb a fine/a sentence

▪ If you don't pay on time, you could be given a fine of up to $1000.

give sb 6 months/3 years etc

(=in prison)

▪ The judge gave her two years in prison.

16.) give (sb) an impression/a sense/an idea

to make someone think about something in a particular way

▪ I didn't want to give him the wrong idea about the job.

▪ The report gives us a very accurate picture of life in the inner cities.

17.) give sth thought/attention/consideration etc also give thought/attention/consideration etc to sth

to spend some time thinking about something carefully

▪ Congress has been giving the crime bill serious consideration.

▪ I'll give the matter some thought and let you know my decision next week.

18.) give (sb) a hand

spoken to help someone do something

▪ Can you give me a hand?

give (somebody) a hand with

▪ Shall I give you a hand with that bag?

19.) give sb a call/buzz

informal also give sb a ring/bell BrE

to telephone someone

▪ I'll give you a call about seven, okay?

20.) give sth a try/shot/whirl

informal also give sth a go BrE

to try to do something, especially something you have not done before

▪ I'm not usually much good at this sort of game, but I'll give it a go.

21.) give sb time/a few weeks/all day etc

to allow time for someone to do something, or for something to happen

▪ I've asked him to give me a couple more days to finish my essay.

▪ Flexible working hours could give working parents more time to spend with their children.

22.) I give it six weeks/a month etc

spoken used to say that you do not think something will continue successfully for very long

▪ I give the project six months at the most before it all falls apart.

23.) not give sth a second thought/another thought

to not think or worry about something at all

▪ The matter didn't seem important, and I hardly gave it a second thought.

24.) ¦(BE LESS STRICT)¦

to be willing to change what you think or do according to what else happens

▪ I think that both sides need to give a little.

25.) ¦(STATE A DECISION)¦ [T]

[i]BrE to state what your official decision or judgement is, for example in a game

▪ The referee has given a penalty.

▪ The jury will be giving its verdict within the next couple of days.

26.) ¦(GIVE A MARK/SCORE)¦ [T]

to decide that someone should have a particular score or mark for something that they have done

▪ She only gave me a B for my last essay.

▪ The judges have given him top marks for this performance.

27.) ¦(BEND/STRETCH)¦

if a material gives, it bends or stretches when you put pressure on it

▪ New shoes often feel tight, but the leather should give a little after a few days.

28.) ¦(BREAK/MOVE)¦ [I]

if something gives, it breaks or moves away suddenly because of weight or pressure on it

▪ The branch suddenly gave beneath him.

▪ I pushed against the door with all my might, but it still wouldn't give.

29.) give me sth (any day/time)

[i]spoken used to say that you like something much more than something else

▪ Give me good old-fashioned rock 'n' roll any day!

30.)would give anything/a lot/your right arm etc for sth

spoken used when you would like something very much

▪ I'd give my right arm for a figure like that.

31.) not give a damn/shit etc

spoken not polite used to say that you do not care at all about something

▪ I don't give a damn what you think.

32.) don't give me that

spoken used to say that you do not believe someone's excuse or explanation

▪ Don't give me that! I know exactly where you've been!

33.) give sb what for

spoken to tell someone angrily that you are annoyed with them

▪ I'll give that boy what for when I see him!

34.) give as good as you get

to fight or argue with someone using the same amount of skill or force that they are using

▪ I don't worry about Emma because I know she can give as good as she gets.

35.) give and take informal

to help other people and do things for them as well as expecting them to do things for you

▪ You have to learn to give and take in any relationship.

36.) give or take a few minutes/a penny/a mile etc

spoken used to say that the amount or figure that you have just mentioned is nearly correct, but not exactly

▪ It'll be a couple of thousand pounds, give or take fifty or so.

37.) I'll give you that

spoken used to admit that someone is right about something

▪ I was wrong to trust him, I'll give you that.

38.) give sb to understand/think/believe sth

formal to make someone think that a particular thing is true

▪ I was given to understand that I would be offered a permanent job.

39.) give it to sb straight informal

to tell someone something in a clear direct way

▪ There's no point in beating about the bush, so I'll give it to you straight.

40.) I give you the chairman/prime minister/groom etc

BrE spoken used at the end of a formal speech to invite people to welcome a special guest

41.) ¦(SEX)¦ [T]

old-fashioned if a woman gives herself to a man, she has sex with him

give away [give sb/sth away] phr v

1.) to give something to someone because you do not want or need it for yourself

▪ I gave most of my books away when I left college.

give somebody/something away to

▪ Give your old clothes away to a thrift shop.

2.) to give something to someone without asking for any money, rather than selling it to them

▪ We're giving away a free diary with tomorrow's newspaper.

give somebody/something away to

▪ We have 1,000 CDs to give away to our readers.

3.) to show where someone is or what they are doing or thinking when they are trying to keep this a secret

▪ Don't worry, I won't give you away.

▪ Sue tried to smile, but her voice gave her away.

give yourself away

▪ I knew that if I moved I would give myself away.

▪ The look on his face gave the game away (=showed something that he was trying to keep secret) .

4.) to tell someone something that you should keep secret

▪ He gave away as little information as possible.

▪ I don't want to give away exactly how the system works.

▪ I don't want to give the game away (=give information that should be secret) by saying too much.

5.) to lose in a game or competition by doing something badly or making mistakes

▪ We gave away two goals in the first half.

▪ The Democrats are now in danger of giving the whole election away.

6.) to give formal permission for a woman to marry a man as part of a traditional wedding ceremony

give back [give sth<=>back] phr v

1.) to give something to the person it belongs to or the person who gave it to you

▪ This isn't your money and you must give it back.

▪ Of course you can have a look at it, as long as you give it back.

give sth back to sb

▪ I'll give the keys back to you tomorrow morning.

give sb sth<=>back

▪ Her ex-husband refused to give her back any of her old photos and letters.

2.) to make it possible for someone to have or do something again

= ↑restore give sb sth<=>back

▪ He underwent an expensive operation to give him back his sight.

▪ The company finally agreed to give the women their old jobs back.

give sth back to sb

▪ This legislation will give more power back to local authorities.

give in phr v

1.) to finally agree to do or accept something that you had at first opposed, especially because someone has forced or persuaded you to

▪ Eventually I gave in and accepted the job on their terms.

▪ Bob's wife went on at him so much that eventually he gave in.

give in to

▪ The government refused to give in to their demands.

2.) to accept that you are defeated in a game, fight, competition etc

→↑surrender

▪ The rebels were eventually forced to give in.

▪ We will carry on fighting to the end. We will never give in.

3.) give sth<=>in

BrE to give a piece of work or something you have written to someone in authority

= ↑hand in

▪ You were supposed to give this work in four days ago.

▪ Rose decided to give in her notice (=officially say she was going to leave her job) .

give something<=>in to

▪ All assignments must be given in to your teacher by Friday.

give in to [give in to sth] phr v

to no longer try to stop yourself from doing something you want to do

▪ Don't give in to the temptation to argue back.

▪ If you feel the urge for a cigarette, try not to give in to it.

give of [give of sth] phr v

if you give of yourself, your time, your money etc, you do things for other people without expecting anything in return

▪ Retired people are often willing to give of their time to help with community projects.

give off [give off sth] phr v

to produce a smell, light, heat, a sound etc

▪ The wood gave off a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.

▪ Try not to breathe in the fumes given off by the paint.

give onto [give onto sth] phr v

if a window, door, or building gives onto a particular place, it leads to that place or you can see that place from it

▪ the garden gate that gives onto the main road

▪ a small balcony giving onto fields

give out phr v

1.) give sth<=>out

to give something to each person in a group

= ↑hand out

▪ Can you give the drinks out, please?

give something<=>out to

▪ Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street.

2.) if part of your body gives out, it stops working properly or becomes much weaker

▪ Just as I approached the town, my legs finally gave out.

3.) if a supply of something gives out, there is none left

▪ My money was beginning to give out and there were no jobs to be found.

▪ After two hours her patience gave out.

4.) give out sth

to produce something such as light, heat, or a signal

= ↑emit

▪ A gas lamp gave out a pale yellowish light.

5.) give sth<=>out

BrE formal to announce something, especially officially

▪ It was given out that the government was to enter into negotiations with the rebels.

give over phr v

to stop doing or saying something that is annoying other people

▪ I wish you lot would just give over!

give over doing sth

▪ Oh, give over complaining, we're nearly there.

give over to / [give sth over to sb/sth] phr v

1.) be given over to sth

to be used for a particular purpose

▪ The land surrounding the village was given over to vineyards.

▪ The whole day was given over to cooking and preparing for the celebrations.

2.) give yourself over to sth

to spend all your time doing something

▪ In his youth he had given himself over to pleasure.

3.) to give responsibility for or control over something to a particular person, organization etc

▪ The running of internal affairs was given over to the Chancellor.

give up phr v

1.) give sth<=>up

to stop doing something, especially something that you do regularly

▪ Darren has decided to give up football at the end of this season.

▪ She gave up her job and started writing poetry.

give up doing sth

▪ I gave up going to the theatre when I moved out of London.

▪ Why don't you give up smoking?

2.) to stop trying to do something

▪ We spent half an hour looking for the keys, but eventually gave up and went home.

▪ I give up. What's the answer?

▪ You shouldn't give up so easily .

give up doing sth

▪ I gave up trying to persuade him to continue with his studies.

give sth<=>up

▪ She has still not given up the search.

3.) give yourself/sb up

to allow yourself or someone else to be caught by the police or enemy soldiers

▪ The siege ended peacefully after the gunman gave himself up.

give yourself/somebody up to

▪ In the end, his family gave him up to the police.

4.) give up sth

to use some of your time to do a particular thing

▪ I don't mind giving up a couple of hours a week to deal with correspondence.

5.) give sth/sb<=>up

to give something that is yours to someone else

▪ The family refused to give up any of their land.

▪ She was put under tremendous pressure to give the baby up.

give something/somebody<=>up to

▪ I would always give my seat up to an elderly person on the bus.

6.) give sb<=>up

to end a romantic relationship with someone, even though you do not really want to

▪ I knew deep down that I should give him up.

7.) give sb up for dead/lost etc

to believe that someone is dead and stop looking for them

▪ The ship sank and the crew were given up for dead.

→give up the ghost at ↑ghost¹ (5)

give up on / [give up on sb/sth] phr v

to stop hoping that someone or something will change or improve

▪ He'd been in a coma for six months, and doctors had almost given up on him.

▪ At that point, I hadn't completely given up on the marriage.

give yourself up to [give yourself up to sth] phr v

to allow yourself to feel an emotion completely, without trying to control it

▪ He gave himself up to despair.

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HINT sense 1

Do not say 'give to somebody something': He gave me a card (NOT gave to me a card). They gave a prize to the best chef (NOT They gave to the best chef a prize).

WORD FOCUS: give

put something in someone's hand: hand, pass

officially give something to someone: award, present, grant, confer, allocate

give something to people in a group: hand out, pass around, distribute

give to a charity: donate

give something to people after you die: leave, pass on, bequeath

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give ²

give² n [U]

the ability of a material or substance to bend or stretch when put under pressure

▪ The rope has quite a bit of give in it.